4.b Study of Time in Philosophy: Bergson, Husserl, Heidegger
Philosophy has long been a field of deep reflection on the phenomenon of time, often focusing on the subjective experience of time as opposed to the more objective concepts of physics. Three important thinkers---Henri Bergson, Edmund Husserl, and Martin Heidegger---have made significant contributions to understanding the phenomenological, existential, and ontological dimensions of time, which are particularly relevant for contextualizing this theory of absolute time resonance.
4.b.1 Henri Bergson: Duration and the Intuition of Time
Konsep Durasi (The duration)
Bergson views time not as a series of objectively measurable points, but as the duration of life, a continuous flow experienced directly and subjectively. Duration is the experience of time that is "thick", dynamic, and irreducible to discrete moments.
Relevance to the Projection and Consciousness Postulates
The postulate of this theory, which asserts that relative time is a variable projection that depends on the structure of consciousness, resonates with Bergson's view that the experience of time is a product of non-linear and non-dismembered life consciousness.
Criticism of Physics
Bergson also criticized the mechanistic view of physics that equates time with space, emphasizing that phenomenological time cannot be represented by linear and quantitative physical concepts. This resonance theory accommodates Bergson's critique by distinguishing absolute time and relative time as two complementary dimensions.
4.b.2 Edmund Husserl: Phenomenology of Time and Intentional Consciousness
Time as a Structure of Consciousness
Husserl developed phenomenology by emphasizing that time is the fundamental structure of intentional consciousness. According to him, consciousness not only receives time, but also constructs temporality through retention (past memory), protension (future expectation), and presentation (present awareness).
Synchronization of Time and Consciousness Resonance
The concept of time resonance in this theory echoes Husserl's idea that the experience of time is active and dynamic. Consciousness acts as an "internal clock" that allows the individual to feel the flow of time, which in this theory is expanded as the ability to touch absolute time.
Philosophical Implications
Husserl opened up space for understanding time as a meaningful phenomenon and not just quantitative data, which became the foundation for the postulate of consciousness as a universal clock in this theory.
4.b.3 Martin Heidegger: Time and Being (Dasein)
