The Example of Position Paper of MUN (Model United Nation)

POSITION PAPER

Committee      : United Nations Children's Emergency Fund

Agenda           : Protection Of Children in Emergencies and Armed Conflict With Special Emphasis on The Special Protection Under International Humanitarian Law

Country          : Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Delegate          : Anonymous

Human Rights and Children's Rights-Based Child  Protection Approach During Armed Conflict

The rights of every man are diminished when the rights of the man are threatened - John F. Kennedy

BACKGROUND

According to UNICEF estimate, one in every nine children, or over 250 million children globally, living in conflict countries. Conflicts in different regions of the world have exploited and negatively impacted children. Children have been involved in active involvement since World War II, when they were enlisted in the regular military services. The active engagement of youngsters in conflicts has piqued the world community's interest. Every day, we hear of atrocities perpetrated on the battlefield. Women and children were tortured and murdered so brutally that some were freed from their houses, lost their jobs, lost their homes, women were raped, and young men were compelled to bear guns. So cruel are the actions carried out in the name of war, which of course violate human rights even though various provisions of international humanitarian law have been established and develop the principle of special protection for children in times of armed conflict.

STANCE AND STRATEGY OF STATE

The kingdom of Saudi Arabian royal delegation felt that the psychological impact of child recruitment in armed conflict was very dangerous and detrimental to the interests of the child. As a result, the recruited children are then shaped into individuals who are not in accordance with their identity.  They are taught war tactics and instilled a sense of hostility and hatred, in their minds a value of hostility is embedded and they only think how to kill and defend themselves so as not to become victims of murder, from a human rights perspective, recruiting children as soldiers is an act that violates children's human rights as an independent person.

The Kingdom of Saudi Arabian royal assembly also saw and took important steps in the legal protection that children can receive in situations of armed conflict, as well as arrangements based on the Convention on the Rights of the Child, and also agreed with the existence of child protection in accordance with international humanitarian law and the convention on the rights of being recruited into the armed forces in accordance with the efforts by the ICRC

(International Committee Of The Red Cross) to adopt the fourth part of the Geneva Conventions of 1949 which contains the protection of civilians at the time war explains who the civilian population is, how the form of protection is given. In the convention it is explained that children are classified as civilians who must also be protected during war. And also protection against the recruitment of children under the age of 15 into armed conflict.

The United Nations also stipulates that all countries must avoid from employing violent measures, namely the threat and use of weapons against other countries or techniques that are contrary to the United Nations' aims. What is governed by Article 2 paragraph 4 in the form of a ban on the use of force is a norm that is not only highly significant in international law, but also in domestic law. Likewise with the use of collective self-defense by Saudi Arabia which is based on Article 6 of the Arab League Charter with the aim of strengthening relations between member countries, by realizing a common defense system in order to maintain stability, security and peace.

PROPOSED SOLUTION

1. Resolution of child conflicts based on international humanitarian law

The government has taken many significant measures in this respect, referring to literary studies in the form of international agreements pertaining to children's involvement in armed conflict and the legal protection to which children are entitled. With the existence of the ICRC which is very concerned with the implementation of international humanitarian law working on behalf of victims of armed conflict, it has always been very sensitive to the suffering of children during times of war.

2. Follow-up from the United Nations to UNICEF and other international humanitarian groups

Arab delegations have also observed how the UN has handled it in particular, as well as the follow-up to the protection given by UNICEF, which gave emergency aid to children following World War II. Sources of funds are used for the emergency needs of children after the war in the form of food, medicine, clothing and clothing. Likewise to protect children and women from exploitation, violence and neglect.

3. International humanitarian law socialization with diverse social organizations

It is preferable if this is done completely to parents and community leaders so that their children are not involved in the battlefield and that underage children be brought to shelters for safety, guidance, care, education and other things that related to equipping children to continue to get their rights that have been regulated in international law.

4. The requirement for greater clarity in applicable laws and regulations .

As a result, we require a clearer regulation as well as consequences for offenders. As a result of explicit laws, all international organizations or specific people will be aware of the situation. This, in turn, can shield their children from the end of armed conflict or the recruitment and engagement of child soldiers.

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