3. Structure Based on Organisational Functions. The SIM is divided into subsystems according to organisational functions: marketing, production, logistics, personnel, finance, information technology, and top management.
4. Conceptual and Physical Structure. The conceptual structure emphasises information subsystems and integration between sections, while the physical structure focuses on databases, applications, and the use of integrated modules.
This structure shows that SIM is not just a technical system, but also reflects the way an organisation manages and integrates various functions to achieve educational goals.
SIM Structure Approach
To understand further, SIM can be viewed through several approaches:
1. The Operating Elements Approach. Includes inputs, processes, outputs, and databases which are the basic cycle in any information system.
2. Decision Support Approach. SIMs assist in two types of decisions: structured (routine, repetitive) and unstructured (new, complex). At the education level, structured decisions can be in the form of academic schedules, while unstructured decisions can be related to learning innovation policies.
3. Management Activity Approach. Supports operational control, management control, and strategic planning that are interconnected with each other.
4. Organisational Function Approach. Covers the subsystems of sales, production, logistics, personnel, finance, IT, and top management. In the context of education, this can be applied to the subsystems of academics, school finance, staffing, and parent relations.
These approaches confirm that SIM is a flexible framework that can be adapted to the needs of the organisation.
Closing
