How Do Research Methods and Techniques Determine Research Results?

Wafa Zulfatul Fadlilah, Mahasiswi S1 Manajemen Pendidikan Islam, Fakultas Tarbiyah dan Keguruan, UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung, 5/D

A common phenomenon in the academic world is that many research results lack validity or are difficult to apply in real situations. This happens because research methods and techniques are not properly implemented. The assumption is that methods are merely procedural formalities, whereas they actually determine the direction and quality of research results. The existing gap is the lack of understanding among students about the importance of selecting the right method. Therefore, this essay aims to explain how research methods and techniques influence the strength and significance of research outcomes.

First, research methodology serves as the foundation for designing every step of a study. In quantitative research, the method emphasizes measurement, calculation, and statistical analysis to produce objective data. Meanwhile, qualitative research focuses on a deeper understanding of meaning and social context. If a researcher chooses the wrong method, the results can become biased or irrelevant. By understanding the characteristics of both methods, researchers can select the most appropriate approach to ensure that their research findings are accurate, valid, and scientifically accountable.

Second, research techniques are the practical tools researchers use to collect and analyze data. In quantitative studies, techniques such as surveys, questionnaires, and experiments help generate measurable data. Meanwhile, qualitative research uses interviews, observations, and documentation to explore deeper meanings. Choosing unsuitable techniques can lead to unrepresentative data. Therefore, the research technique must be aligned with the purpose and type of data required so that the research results truly reflect the phenomenon being studied and provide reliable insights.

Tihrd, the relationship between research methods and techniques is very close---like a map and a road. The method provides direction and approach, while the technique represents the concrete actions taken in the field. Both determine the quality of data analysis. For instance, quantitative research uses correlation or regression analysis to measure relationships and influences between variables. Qualitative research, however, uses thematic analysis through data reduction and interpretation. When the method and technique work harmoniously, research results become more trustworthy and contribute greatly to the development of knowledge.

In conclusion, research methods and techniques are two inseparable components. Both determine the validity and strength of research results. Quantitative research emphasizes numbers and objectivity, while qualitative research emphasizes meaning and contextual understanding. When a researcher can balance these two elements according to the research goals, the study will not only be scientifically solid but also meaningful and beneficial to both academia and society.*)

*)This article is a review of part 6: Qualitative and Quantitative Research Methodology and Techniques, taken from the teaching material of The Research Methodology in Management course, taught by Prof. Dr. H. A. Rusdiana, M.M. (https://digilib.uinsgd.ac.id/id/eprint/121673)

CURICULUM VITAE

Wafa Zulfatul Fadlilah
Lahir di Tasikmalaya, tanggal 27 Februari 2004.
Merupakan anak pertama dari pasangan Bapak Mas'ud dengan Ibu Euis Nurhasanah.
Alamat tempat tinggal: Dusun Ciwangkal Desa Cimindi Kecamatan Cigugur Kabupaten Pangandaran, Jawa Barat 46392.
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Email: fadlilahwafazulfatul@gmail.com
Pendidikan: SDN 1 Cimindi, tahun lulus 2017. SMP IT Ummul Quro Tasikmalaya, tahun lulus 2020. SMA IT Ummul Quro Tasikmalaya, tahun lulus 2023 dan sekarang kuliah di UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung jurusan Manajemen Pendidikan Islam.
Motivasi masuk ke UIN SGD jurusan MPI: Saya memilih UIN karena di kampus ini ada jurusan Manajemen Pendidikan Islam yang memang sesuai dengan minatku. Selain itu, saya percaya kalau setiap langkah yang saya jalani adalah bagian dari takdir Allah, termasuk diterima di UIN. Jadi bukan hanya soal pilihan pribadi, tapi juga panggilan hati dan kesempatan yang sudah di gariskan.
Motto: don't change a thing u're amazing.