Prinsip Right of Self-Determination dan Ujian Hukum Internasional Kontemporer

Catatan: Tulisan ini ditulis sepenuhnya dengan analisis prubadi berdasarkan informasi dan analisis lain yang tersedia di:

• Piagam Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa (UN Charter) -- khususnya Pasal 1(2) dan Pasal 55 mengenai hak bangsa untuk menentukan nasib sendiri.
• International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR), Pasal 1
• Declaration on Principles of International Law concerning Friendly Relations and Co-operation among States in accordance with the Charter of the United Nations (UNGA Res. 2625 (XXV), 1970)
• ICJ Advisory Opinion on the Accordance with International Law of the Unilateral Declaration of Independence in Respect of Kosovo (2010)
• UN General Assembly Resolution 68/262 -- "Territorial Integrity of Ukraine" (2014), menolak referendum di Crimea
• UN General Assembly Resolution 3236 (1974) -- mengenai hak rakyat Palestina untuk menentukan nasib sendiri
• UNGA Resolution 67/19 (2012) -- menaikkan status Palestina menjadi negara pengamat non-anggota
• Kosovo's recognition status -- Laporan dari European Parliament dan ECFR
• Brookings Institution: "The legal boundaries of self-determination and secession"
• Carnegie Europe: "The Gray Zone of Russian influence in Moldova and Georgia"
• The Diplomat: "The Taiwan Status Quo and the Limits of Self-Determination"
• .Al Jazeera: "Palestinian statehood and the deadlock at the UN"
• International Court of Justice. Accordance with International Law of the Unilateral Declaration of Independence in Respect of Kosovo, Advisory Opinion, ICJ Reports 2010. Ini adalah sumber primer yang menegaskan bahwa deklarasi kemerdekaan per se tidak dilarang oleh hukum internasional.
• Crawford, James, The Creation of States in International Law. 2nd ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2006
• Cassese, Antonio, Self-Determination of Peoples: A Legal Reappraisal. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1995.
• United Nations General Assembly. Declaration on the Granting of Independence to Colonial Countries and Peoples, A/RES/1514(XV), 14 December 1960.
• United Nations General Assembly. Resolution 2625 (XXV) -- Declaration on Principles of International Law concerning Friendly Relations and Cooperation among States, 1970.
• Wilde, Ralph, "International Territorial Administration: How Trusteeship and the Civilizing Mission Never Went Away." European Journal of International Law 15, no. 1 (2004): 161--186.
• Vidmar, Jure, "Democracy and Statehood in International Law: The Emergence of New States in Post-Cold War Practice." Finnish Yearbook of International Law 19 (2008): 105--143.
• Grant, Thomas D, The Recognition of States: Law and Practice in Debate and Evolution. Westport: Praeger, 1999.
• Ruys, Tom, "The Syrian Civil War and the Achilles' Heel of the Law of Non-International Armed Conflict." Leiden Journal of International Law 30, no. 2 (2017): 395--421.
• Shaw, Malcolm N, International Law. 9th ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2021.

Jakarta, 20 Juli 2025
Prahasto Wahju Pamungkas