Nowadays, almost everyone uses smartphones, and the habit of using smartphones produces various innovative products, such as phone holders, mobile phone cases, and other products. Technological advances create a new culture, and through that new culture companies can seize innovation opportunities.
4. Religion
Muslim communities have distinctive attributes, such as the hijab for women, head coverings, gamis, and others. Innovation in these attributes will certainly only occur in Muslim countries and will not happen in other countries.
Culture and Management Functions
Culture not only affects innovation, but also affects all management functions, both marketing, resources, production and finance, of course, it will have an impact on policies set by the company.
Cultural Knowledge
It is important for the company to know the culture in a region, because it will determine the success of the innovation of a product. KFC is one of the companies in the culinary field that always innovates according to the tastes of people in various countries. So it is not surprising that we find differences in menus in each country. The cultural knowledge that must be known by the company consists of two, namely factual knowledge and interpretive knowledge.
1. Factual Knowledge
Factual knowledge is a condition in which a person is only limited to knowing what the culture of a region is. Based on this knowledge the company is strongly discouraged from establishing an innovation.
2. Interpretive Knowledge
Interpretive knowledge is one level above factual knowledge, where at this stage a person not only knows, but tries to feel, understand and appreciate a culture. Of course, Muslims in one country will have a different culture from Muslims in other countries. But using interpretive knowledge we can distinguish them and can establish innovative products more precisely.
