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Adrianus Aba
Adrianus Aba Mohon Tunggu...

Nama ; Adrianus Aba,Mahasiswa Program Studi Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris STKIP ST. PAULUS Ruteng

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Grammatical Errors Fossilization: A Study of Indonesian Students Learning English

15 Oktober 2013   10:13 Diperbarui: 24 Juni 2015   06:31 1653
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Suggested correction:

… are avoiding …

… is classifying the cohesive devices

3.1.1.5 Infinitive

There is one occurrence of incorrect use of infinitive where the infinitive to is omitted:…to practice their English become fluent… . In this context the infinitive to should be present to show purpose; thus, the suggested correction would be …to practice their English to become fluent.

3.1.1.6 Adverb

There are two errors involving omission of adverb inflection {-ly}:

Error:

…general different…

…relative long…

Suggested correction:

generally different …

relatively long …

3.1.1.7 Present Participle

Errors in Present Participle fall into two subtypes: omission and misformation of present participle as found in the following examples. In the first case the present participle inflection {–ing} is absent after the auxiliary are, which should be followed by a present participle verb form. In the second case misformation occurs in the context after the verb be.

Error:

…are avoid…

… is classified the cohesive devices…

Suggested correction:

… are avoiding …

… is classifying the cohesive devices

3.1.1.8 Noun

Thereare ten errors related to the noun forming derivational suffix. One error occurs as the adjective forming derivational suffix is used instead of the noun forming suffix as seen in the case in: “… avoid problematic … “, which should be “ … avoid problems … “.

While the other nine errors are due to the omission or misformation of noun forming derivational suffix {-ing2} as seen in the following examples:

Error:

… before do …

… before limits …

Suggested correction:

… before doing …

… before limiting …

3.1.1.9 Modal Auxiliary

The incorrect use of modal auxiliary occurs as the third singular inflection {–s} is added to the modal auxiliary will, as it is found in the data ” … the researcher wills …, which should be “ … the researcher will … “

The morphological problems, showed that the morphological errors made by the students are related to the incorrect use of suffixes, namely, possessive inflection {–‘s} , past participle inflection {–ed}, present participle {–ing}, third singular inflection {-s}, past tense inflection {-ed}, and some derivational suffixes that form noun, verb, adverb and adjective. The changes involve the absence of a suffix that must occur in a well-formed sentence, the presence of a suffix that must not appear in the context, and the use of the wrong form of the suffix. In addition, there is one case which involves the absence of infinitive to.

3.1.2 Syntactic Errors

3.1.2.1 Noun Phrases

Errors in Noun Phrase involve the use of determiners, number – singular and plural noun forms - , pronouns and prepositions, each of which may undergo the surface changes of omission, addition, misformation and substitution.

3.1.2.1.1 Determiner

Errors in noun determiners are mostly the omission of indefinite article before a singular countable noun:

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