Learning Research Methodology in Educational Management: From Paradigm to Data Analysis

Research is the key to both the development of knowledge and the improvement of educational practice. Through research, problems can be identified, analyzed, and addressed with appropriate solutions. However, research cannot be conducted carelessly. A solid methodology is required to ensure that the process is structured, valid, and provides tangible benefits.

First, there are two main approaches: quantitative and qualitative. The quantitative approach is based on the positivistic paradigm, which emphasizes measurement, objectivity, and hypothesis testing. The data collected are numerical and processed using statistical analysis. The results of quantitative research are usually generalizable and suitable for explaining cause-and-effect relationships.

Second, the weakness of this approach lies in its limited ability to uncover deeper meanings of a phenomenon.

Conversely, the qualitative approach emphasizes meaning, processes, and individual experiences. It employs interpretive and constructivist paradigms, with data collected through interviews, observations, or document analysis. The strength of this method lies in its depth of analysis, although it is less effective in producing broad generalizations.

Third, there is also the mixed-methods approach. This approach combines the strengths of both quantitative and qualitative methods, allowing researchers to gain a more comprehensive perspective: numerical data to map patterns and narrative data to understand context.

In conclusion, research methodology in educational management is a crucial foundation that determines the quality of a study. Quantitative research offers certainty through numerical data, qualitative research provides deep understanding, while mixed-methods attempt to integrate both. Choosing the right method significantly influences the quality of research outcomes as well as their benefits for advancing education.

Note: This article is a review of Part 3 (Research Methodology and Types of Research) of the Management Research Methods course. Lecturer: Prof. Dr. H. A. Rusdiana, M.M. (https://eknows.uinsgd.ac.id/?lang=id)

CV Penulis (Sumber: Personal )