Researching the different between qualitative and quantitative research

Foreword

The phenomenon of research method development in the field of educational management shows a paradigm shift from a quantitative approach that focuses on objective data and statistical measurements to a recognition of the importance of a qualitative approach that emphasizes contextual understanding and social meaning. The basic assumption of the quantitative paradigm is that reality is objective and can be measured empirically, while the qualitative paradigm assumes reality to be a complex and dynamic social construct. In practice, there is a gap/problem in understanding and application that often prevents research methods from optimally addressing real problems in the field. Therefore, this study aims to examine in depth the differences in assumptions, characteristics, advantages, and implications of the two paradigms in order to provide appropriate guidance for researchers in developing more relevant and applicable educational management research.

First :  The research paradigm is a framework of thinking that forms the basis for understanding reality and determining the appropriate research method. This paradigm is very important because it guides researchers in choosing the appropriate approach to examine the problems at hand. In the context of educational research, particularly educational management, quantitative and qualitative paradigms are two main approaches that have different assumptions, objectives, and data collection techniques.

Second :  Quantitative research is based on positivistic assumptions that view reality as something objective, fixed, and numerically measurable. This approach is deductive and structured, focusing on hypothesis testing, generalization of results, and statistical data processing. In contrast, qualitative research is based on a constructivist paradigm that views reality as a complex, dynamic social construct shaped by social interactions

Third :  A good understanding of the strengths and limitations of both paradigms is essential for researchers to choose the appropriate approach according to the objectives and problems being solved. Through the right combination or selection of quantitative and qualitative research, educational management research can produce valid and relevant findings, and its practical application can make a real contribution to the development of education.

Fourth: The implications of the research paradigm require academics and educational management practitioners to have broad insight and the ability to select and manage appropriate research methods. This not only improves the quality of research results but also strengthens the contribution of research to the development of more effective, efficient, and sustainable educational policies and practices in the face of rapid social and technological changes.

Summary:

The research paradigm is a framework of thinking that forms the basis for understanding reality, determining methods, and achieving research objectives. The quantitative paradigm assumes that reality is objective and can be measured through numerical data using a structured and deductive approach. In contrast, the qualitative paradigm views reality as a complex and dynamic social construct with an inductive and flexible approach. Understanding these two paradigms is very important so that research can be conducted appropriately in accordance with the context and objectives, producing data that is valid, relevant, and applicable in educational management.

This work is based on the Teaching Module Part 4 Differences between Qualitative and Quantitative Research by Prof. Dr. H. Ahmad Rusdiana.Drs., MM