According to WHO, Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is defined as a disease or chronic metabolic disorder with multiple etiologies characterized by high blood sugar levels accompanied by disturbances in carbohydrate, lipid and protein metabolism as consequence of insulin function  insufficiency. Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder with characteristics of hyperglycemia. Various complications can arise due to blood sugar levels that are not restrained, for example neuropathy, hypertension, coronary heart disease, retinopathy, nephropathy, and gangrene. After we know what diabetes mellitus is, then we will discuss the types / types of diabetes mellitus.
TYPES OF DIABETES MELLITUS
Type 1 diabetes: Type 1 diabetes is a condition when the level of sugar or glucose in the blood rises beyond normal limits due to the body not producing enough insulin. This type of diabetes is usually detected in children and adolescents. Type 1 diabetes is rarer than type 2 diabetes. It is known that there are only 9.5% of people with type 1 diabetes of all diabetes cases worldwide.
Symptoms of type 1 diabetes usually appear in children or adolescents, but can also be experienced in adulthood. Patients with this condition generally feel frequent urination, often feel thirsty, and get tired easily.
Treatment for people with type 1 diabetes aims to maintain blood sugar levels in normal conditions and prevent complications. The method of treatment can be with lifestyle changes to the use of drugs.
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Type 2 diabetes: Type 2 diabetes is a condition when blood sugar levels exceed normal values due to insulin resistance. Type 2 diabetes is the most general type of diabetes.This long-term condition is more common in adults. Worldwide, it is estimated that 1 in every 11 adults has diabetes. Of these, 90 percent of them suffer from type 2 diabetes.
Meanwhile in Indonesia, data from Basic Health Research (Riskesdas) in 2018 showed that around 1.5 percent or 1 million people in Indonesia were diagnosed with diabetes. This figure is estimated to be higher, because there are still many Indonesians who have not been diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. Type 2 diabetes patients can experience various symptoms, such as wounds that are difficult to heal, blurred vision, and numbness or tingling in the hands or feet. However, these symptoms take a long time to emerge and be felt by the patient. In fact, this condition has the potency to go unnoticed until complications happen. Some of the complications that can be experienced by people with type 2 diabetes are:
Heart disease
Diabetic ulcers (diabetic ulcers)
Alzheimer's disease
