The global phenomenon of education digitalisation has encouraged educational institutions to adopt various information technologies. The assumption is that the implementation of an automated information system will improve the operational efficiency of educational institutions. However, there is a gap between expectation and reality where many institutions experience implementation failure due to ignorance of the essential characteristics, constituent components, and proper SIM-P structure. The purpose of this article is to comprehensively analyse these three fundamental aspects of SIM-P to provide effective implementation guidelines for educational institutions.
A. CHARACTERISTICS AND STRATEGIC ROLE OF SIM-P
SIM-P has specific characteristics that distinguish it from conventional information systems. It operates on structured tasks with clearly defined procedures and rules, is able to improve efficiency through reduced operational costs, and provides access to information that supports decision-making at all levels of management.
The strategic role of SIM-P in educational organisations includes automation of administrative processes, integration between planning and implementation, and coordination between various subsystems. The system serves as an early warning mechanism that enables proactive identification of problems and development opportunities.
B. SIM-P CONSTITUENT COMPONENTS
From a functional perspective, SIM-P consists of several core subsystems including the administration system, management reporting system, database system and data management system. Each subsystem has a specific role in supporting the comprehensive education information management process.
Physically, SIM-P is built by five fundamental components that are integrated with each other: human resources as managers, hardware as infrastructure, software as process executors, databases as information storage, and communication networks as links between components. The synergy between these components determines the reliability of the system as a whole.
C. SIM-P STRUCTURE AND APPROACH
The structure of SIM-P can be analysed through various approaches. Fundamentally, it integrates formal structures that follow standardised procedures with non-formal structures that utilise informal communication channels. The approach based on management level divides the structure into three levels: operational, managerial, and strategic.
The functional approach sees SIM-P as a collection of subsystems that support various organisational functions, while the conceptual approach focuses on information processing patterns. Each approach provides a unique perspective in understanding how SIM-P can be optimised to support effective education management.
