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Nurul Hichmah
Nurul Hichmah Mohon Tunggu... Mahasiswa - Undergraduate Student of International Relations, Universitas Singaperbangsa Karawang

I am an undergraduate student with an interest in tackling climate change and everything related to it. I write about it here! May our earth still exist for another 1000 years! 🌎🌱

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Climate Change: History and the Role of States in Address it

18 Januari 2023   08:25 Diperbarui: 18 Januari 2023   09:00 295
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Climate Change- www.huffpost.com/entry/climate-change-the-wrong_b_4632946

Climate Change- The greatness of the ancient Romans and Greeks, which is the first phrase, marked the beginning of European and world civilization and led to much advancement in a variety of sectors. 

In the Middle Ages, Asian nations like China and Turkey appeared with a new civilization, which led to the decline of European civilization. This hegemony fostered European resentment and an aspiration to regain power, which led to the Renaissance.

The reappearance of European civilization with the birth of influential scientists in the field of science created progress in the industrial and economic spheres, which led to the widespread use of simple technology to assist humans in carrying out activities, or simply, what we know as the "Industrial Revolution." This revolution then developed over time until it is now known as the "Industrial Revolution 4.0," which has digitized all industrial activities, both massive (companies) and small (community) industries.

Industrial activities by developed countries from the past to the present certainly affect the increasingly unstable natural balance due to the burning of fossil fuels, the use of chemicals, mining on a large scale, and the excessive use of energy increasing artificial greenhouse gas emissions.

The IPCC's Sixth Assessment Report, published in 2021, found that human emissions of heat-trapping gases have warmed the climate by nearly 2 degrees Fahrenheit (1.1 degrees Celsius) since pre-industrial times (beginning in 1750).

Another study by the United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) recorded several extreme climate phenomena in 2022. The Earth's average land and ocean surface temperature in 2022 will be 1.55 degrees F (0.86 degrees C) above the 20th-century average of 57.0 degrees F (13.9 degrees C).

Such a rise could spell havoc, with sea levels rising rapidly and threatening the very existence of the world's coastal nations. The effects of climate change will also produce other hazards, including irregular rainfall patterns, global warming, rapid freezing, and so on.

Countries' attention to climate change has increased since the late 19th century when scientists began to realize that human activities affected global climate conditions. International climate conferences such as the United Nations Climate Change Conference (UNFCCC), first held in 1992, have also increased countries' attention to this issue.

The UNFCCC later became a conference with legal support for resolving climate issues, which launched the Kyoto Protocol, which was signed in 1994. In this protocol, the responsibility for addressing climate issues is divided into two categories of countries, namely Annexure 1 and Annexure 2. Developed countries consist of Annexure 1 countries while developing countries consist of Annexure 2 countries. Annexure 1 countries are legally assigned binding emission quotas. Annexure 2 countries have no legal ties.

Another agenda in tackling climate change is the signing of the Paris Agreement on December 12, 2015, by 193 countries, which aims to collect countries' efforts to maintain global temperature rise by suppressing increases below 2 to 1.5 degrees Celsius. Of the entire agenda carried out by countries in overcoming climate problems, the division of developed countries and developing countries to deal with the climate only burdens developing countries.

In the effort to fight climate change, developed countries have a very big role. This is because what they have done in the past related to the industrial sector has contributed to great progress, so the developed country's slogan appears as a result of this progress.

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