Medieval philosophy commonly called the century of scholastic philosophy. The word is derived from the word meaning Schuler teaching or school. Later the word became a term for the scholastic philosophy at 9-15 centuries which have special features that influenced the philosophy of religion.
To determine the pattern of medieval philosophical thinking, need to understand the characteristics and typical of philosophical thought. Some characteristics that need to understand is:
1) How philosophizing led by the church.
2) Doing Philosophy within the teachings of Aristotle.
3) Doing Philosophy with Augustine's help.
Broadly speaking medieval philosophy is divided into two periods, namely the
Scholastic Periods of Islam and Christian scholastics.
A. Period of Scholastic Philosophy Islam (Arabic)
The existence of philosophy in this period also marks the glories of the Islamic world, namely during the Abbasid Daula in Baghdad (750-1258) and Daula Amawiyah in Spain (755-7492). According Hasbullah Bakry, Islamic scholastic term rarely used in Khazanah Islamic thought. The term is often used Islamic theology or philosophy. Both of these sciences in the discussion were separated. Islamic scholastic period can be divided into four periods, namely:
1. Kalam First Period
This period is characterized by the emergence of groups mutakallimin / streams in theology, namely: