Fractal-Layered Holographic Cosmology: A Testable Framework for Hubble Tension, CMB Anomalies, and Early Structure Formation
Abstract
We present a novel cosmological framework integrating fractal matter distributions, layered topological spacetime, and holographic boundary conditions to address three major observational challenges: (i) the Hubble tension, (ii) CMB large-scale anomalies, and (iii) the existence of mature galaxies at high redshift.
The model is built upon a multi-layer Friedmann equation modified by topological interference terms, representing phase correlations between holographically-defined layers. We derive how vacuum energy suppression emerges naturally from destructive interference between these layers. Fractal matter profiles with Hausdorff dimension DH<3D_H < 3 are analytically shown to enhance early gravitational collapse, offering a non-inflationary route to structure formation.
Using a modified version of CLASS, we simulate layer-dependent Hubble gradients and spin alignment patterns in large-scale structure, predicting testable anomalies in Euclid, SKA, and JWST data. We also propose unique gravitational wave echo signatures resulting from reflections across layer interfaces, potentially detectable by LISA.
This approach unifies quantum-informational concepts with observational cosmology, offering falsifiable predictions and a mathematically consistent path beyond \LambdaCDM.
Outline
1. Introduction
The three persistent problems:
(i) Hubble constant discrepancy,
(ii) CMB low- anomalies,
(iii) Early massive galaxy formation.
Limitasi \LambdaCDM dan inflasi.
Motivation for a holography + fractal + layered topology framework.
2. Theoretical Foundations
Holographic cosmology: Boundary-layer paradigm inspired by AdS/CFT.
Quantum tunneling genesis: Early universe as a layered quantum bubble.
Fractal geometry: Emergence of (r)rDH3\rho(r) \sim r^{D_H - 3} from coarse-graining and RG flows.
3. Mathematical Formulation
Modified Friedmann equation:
Hi2=8G3ikiai2+jiijcos(ij)H_i^2 = \frac{8\pi G}{3} \rho_i - \frac{k_i}{a_i^2} + \epsilon sum_{j \ne i} \alpha_{ij} \cos(\theta_i - \theta_j)